SAILORS TWILIGHT

Visibility is the maximum distance which can be seen on the horizon with naked eyes and without using any equipment. Good visibility is important for safe navigation and accident reduction. The officer on lookout will estimate the visibility all aro…

Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB) is an equipment which helps to determine the location of survivors during a distress situation to enable search and rescue operation(SAR). It is a secondary means of alerting in distress. It transmi…

A great circle is a circle on the surface of the sphere, whose radius is the same as the radius of the sphere. Equator is a great circle. A great circle drawn between two points on earth is the shortest distance between points. Sailing through a gre…

United Nations Convention on Laws of Sea (UNCLOS) is an international convention which defines the rights and duties of administrations with respect to their use of worlds oceans. The convention was adopted on 10 December 1982 and was effective from…

Voyage data recorder (VDR) is very important equipment on the bridge as it records and stores the critical parameters of ship, to facilitate reconstruction of an incident or accident for investigation or any other purposes. This equipment will help …

Angle of loll is a condition which occurs to a ship in its unstable equilibrium. In an unstable equilibrium, the metacentric height(GM) is negative. That is, the position of metacenter is is below the centre of gravity. In this condition, when a shi…

Mercator charts: Mercator charts are charts used in navigation onboard ships. This chart is used for Rhumb line sailing onboard ships. Rhumb lines are straight lines which cut every line at the same angle. Mercator projection is also called as cylin…